Technician1002 wrote:Absolutely true.. for the much heavier projectile of the arrow.
Bear in mind, 30-40% is the
limit of springer efficiency. (30% being typical). Regardless of projectile weight, you won't see more than that.
The truth is, springers tend to get higher muzzle energy with lighter pellets (around 8 grains in .177", as opposed to heavy 10-11 grain pellets).
So, ~30% for springers with projectiles "of the ideal mass".
However, bows can hit 90%+ with projectiles "of the ideal mass".
When working with pellets that have a mass close to the mass of the bowstring, the efficiency changes and the energy transfer through an air spring is more efficient at the higher velocities.
Very approximately, there's about 0.05-0.1 grams of air in the compression chamber of my air rifle (I'm not about to fart around measuring the chamber volume). Pellets are 0.5 grams, so that's about an order of magnitude more than the air.
We'll say 10% of the mass is in the air.
Typically, an arrow is about 25 grams (~400 grains), for either bows or crossbows. A reasonably modern bowstring (for a bow, rather than a crossbow) is ~7 grams.
That means that that about 20% of the mass is in the string.
That means that MORE of mass proportionally is in the bowstring than in the air. The air rifle has a more favourable mass split, but it still has less than half of the efficiency.
So, it's nothing to do with the fact that the arrow is heavier. As a proportion of the accelerated mass, the arrow is lighter!
You can get faster with springers, but it's done much less efficiently.