Difference between revisions of "Common Ammo"

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== Description of the table columns: ==
 
== Description of the table columns: ==
  
−
; Ammo : The type of ammo. For ammo that is cut by the barrel, such as spuds, this gives a typical length of the ammo. The length of the ammo and the barrel diameter determine the actual size of the ammo. For spuds, there is more than one way to [[potato#Selection, cutting and use|cut]] the shell.
+
; Ammo : The type of ammo. For ammo that is cut by the [[barrel]], such as spuds, this gives a typical length of the ammo. The length of the ammo and the barrel diameter determine the actual size of the ammo. For spuds, there is more than one way to [[potato#Selection, cutting and use|cut]] the shell.
 
; Mass : The mass of the ammo in ounces (oz.) and grams.
 
; Mass : The mass of the ammo in ounces (oz.) and grams.
 
; Diameter : The diameter of the ammo in inches (") and centimeters (cm). For ammo that is cut by the barrel, such as spuds, this is the barrel diameter. For ammo that is not cut, such as golf balls, this is the ammo's normal diameter.
 
; Diameter : The diameter of the ammo in inches (") and centimeters (cm). For ammo that is cut by the barrel, such as spuds, this is the barrel diameter. For ammo that is not cut, such as golf balls, this is the ammo's normal diameter.
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; Barrel : Suggestions as suitable barrels for the particular ammo. Primarily for ammo that has a defined size, such as a tennis ball.
 
; Barrel : Suggestions as suitable barrels for the particular ammo. Primarily for ammo that has a defined size, such as a tennis ball.
 
; Other Info : Various other bits of information concerning the ammo.
 
; Other Info : Various other bits of information concerning the ammo.
 +
 +
'''Table Notes'''
 +
# The Cd values for the various sport balls (tennis ball, golfball ...) were calculated based on their terminal velocities using the equation <span style="font-style: italic;">C<sub>d</sub></span>=2<span
 +
style="font-style: italic;">mg</span>/(<span
 +
style="font-style: italic;">A&#961;</span><span style="font-style: italic;">v</span><sub>terminal</sub><sup>2</sup>) with g=9.8m/s and <span style="font-style: italic;">&#961;</span>=1290g/m<sup>3</sup><span style="font-style: italic;"></span>. The terminal velocities were from [http://www.cord.org/uploadedfiles/CTNJune2002.pdf Terminal Velocity Teachers Notes] and [http://www.gantless.com/paper.html A Penny in Free Fall].
  
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="left" style="text-align:center"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="left" style="text-align:center"
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| '''Ammo''' || '''Mass''' || '''Diameter''' || '''Cd''' || '''Terminal<br/>Velocity''' || '''Barrel''' ||''' Other Info'''  
 
| '''Ammo''' || '''Mass''' || '''Diameter''' || '''Cd''' || '''Terminal<br/>Velocity''' || '''Barrel''' ||''' Other Info'''  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
!colspan="7" align="left" | '''Vegies'''
+
!colspan="7" align="left" | '''Fruit + Vegetables'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Spud]], 2"L || 2.54 oz., 72g  || 1.59", 4.04cm || - || - || 1.5" SCH 40 ||align=left|  
+
| half [[Potato]], (2" Long) || 2.5 oz., 72g  || 1.59", 4.04cm || - || - || 1.5" SCH 40 ||align=left|  
 
* density ~1.1g/cm<sup>3</sup>
 
* density ~1.1g/cm<sup>3</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Spud]], 4"L || 5.04 oz., 143g || 1.59", 4.04cm || - || - || 1.5" SCH 40 || -
+
| half [[Potato]], (2" Long) || 5.0 oz., 120g || 2.05", 5.21cm || - || - || 2" SCH 40 ||align=left|
 +
* density ~1.1g/cm<sup>3</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Spud]], 2"L || 4.20 oz., 119g || 2.05", 5.21cm || - || - || 2" SCH 40   || -
+
| full [[Potato]], (4" Long) || 5.1 oz., 140g  || 1.59", 4.04cm || - || - || 1.5" SCH 40 ||align=left|
 +
* density ~1.1g/cm<sup>3</sup>
 +
|-
 +
| full [[Potato]], (4" Long) || 10 oz., 240g || 2.05", 5.21cm || - || - || 2" SCH 40 ||align=left|
 +
* density ~1.1g/cm<sup>3</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Spud]], 4"L || 8.40 oz., 238g || 2.05", 5.21cm || - || - || 2" SCH 40  || -
+
| Apple, || 4.2 oz., 110g || 2.05", 5.21cm || - || - || 2" SCH 40  || align=left|
 +
* density ~0.95g/cm<sup>3</sup>
 +
|-
 +
| Citrus Fruit,  || 3.5 oz., 100g || 2.05", 5.21cm || - || - || 2" SCH 40  ||align=left|
 +
* density ~0.9g/cm<sup>3</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
 
!colspan="7" align="left" | '''Balls'''
 
!colspan="7" align="left" | '''Balls'''
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| Ping-Pong Ball || 0.095 oz., 2.7g || 0.95", cm || 0.460 <br\> (note 1) || 9m/s, 30fps || - || -
+
| Ping-Pong Ball || 0.095 oz., 2.7g || 0.95", 2.51cm || 0.460 <br\> (note 1) || 9m/s, 30fps || - || -
 
|-   
 
|-   
 +
| Roll-on deodorant ball || 0.095 oz., 5g || 1.49", 3.80cm || -  || - || 40mm 10bar PVC (UK) || -
 +
|- 
 +
| Small pool ball || 1.76 oz., 50g || 1.49", 3.80cm || -  || - || 40mm 10bar PVC (UK) || -
 +
|-
 
| [[Golf ball]] || 1.59 oz., 45g || 1.68", 4.27cm || 0.299 <br\> (note 1) || 40m/s, 132fps || - || -
 
| [[Golf ball]] || 1.59 oz., 45g || 1.68", 4.27cm || 0.299 <br\> (note 1) || 40m/s, 132fps || - || -
 
|-
 
|-
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| 6mm Airsoft || 0.0071 oz., 0.20g || 0.23", 0.6cm || - || -  || - || -
 
| 6mm Airsoft || 0.0071 oz., 0.20g || 0.23", 0.6cm || - || -  || - || -
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ??" [[Paintball]] || ? oz., ?g || ?", ?cm || - || -  || - || -
+
| .68" [[Paintball]] || 0.1 oz., 3.2g || 0.68", 1.75cm || - || -  ||align=left|
 +
* 0.5" SDR 13.5
 +
*0.5" PN15 (UK)
 +
* 0.75" SCH 120
 +
|| -
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ??" glass marble || ? oz., ?g || ?", ?cm || - || -  || - || -
+
| .61" glass [[marble]] || 0.17 oz., 5g || .61", 1.5cm || - || -  || 18mm copper || -
 
|-
 
|-
−
!colspan="7" align="left" | '''Batteries'''
+
!colspan="7" align="left" | '''Batteries''' (Diameter and mass vary slightly by brand)
 
|-
 
|-
−
| AA || ? oz., ?g || ?", ?cm || - || -  || - || -
+
| AA || ~0.98oz., ~28g || ~0.55", ~1.4cm || - || -  || 15mm copper || Outer plastic and metal wrapping must be removed.
 +
Diameter varies by brand, cheaper is usually narrower
 
|-
 
|-
−
| AAA || ? oz., ?g || ?", ?cm || - || - || - || -
+
| AAA || ~.49 oz., 14g || .39", 1 cm || - || - || 15mm copper || -
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[C_Cell|C]]  || 2.4-2.6 oz., 68-74g || 0.996", 2.53cm || - || - || - ||align=left|  
+
| [[C cell|C]]  || 2.4-2.6 oz., 68-74g || 0.996", 2.53cm || - || - || 28mm copper ||align=left|  
 
* 2" (5.1cm) long
 
* 2" (5.1cm) long
−
* mass varies by brand
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| D || ?? oz., ??g || ?", ?cm || - || - || - || -
 
| D || ?? oz., ??g || ?", ?cm || - || - || - || -
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|-
 
|-
 
| [[Pycrete]] || ?? oz., ??g || ?", ?cm || - || - || - || -
 
| [[Pycrete]] || ?? oz., ??g || ?", ?cm || - || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| Film Canister || 0.5oz., 12g || 1.45", 3.7cm || - || - ||align=left|
 +
*1.25" SCH 40
 +
*40mm 10bar
 +
|| Fits better with the right sized lid, still very good otherwise
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Beverage_can|Soda Can]] || 13.0 oz., 369g<br>(water filled) || 2.6", 6.6cm || - || - ||align=left|  
 
| [[Beverage_can|Soda Can]] || 13.0 oz., 369g<br>(water filled) || 2.6", 6.6cm || - || - ||align=left|  
 
* 2.5" SDR 26  
 
* 2.5" SDR 26  
−
* [[Sleeved]] 3" SCH 40
+
* [[Sleeving|Sleeved]] 3" SCH 40
 
|| -
 
|| -
−
| [[Film cannisters]] || 0.5 oz., 12g || 1.45", 3.7cm || - || - || *40mm 10bar
 
−
*1.25" SCH 40 || Needs the right size lid to fit perfectly
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
'''Table Notes'''
+
 
−
# The Cd values for the various sport balls (tennis ball, golfball ...) were calculated based on their terminal velocities using the equation <span style="font-style: italic;">C<sub>d</sub></span>=2<span
 
−
style="font-style: italic;">mg</span>/(<span
 
−
style="font-style: italic;">A&#961;</span><span style="font-style: italic;">v</span><sub>terminal</sub><sup>2</sup>) with g=9.8m/s and <span style="font-style: italic;">&#961;</span>=1290g/m<sup>3</sup><span style="font-style: italic;"></span>. The terminal velocities were from [http://www.cord.org/uploadedfiles/CTNJune2002.pdf Terminal Velocity Teachers Notes] and [http://www.gantless.com/paper.html A Penny in Free Fall].
 
  
 
[[Category:Projectiles]]
 
[[Category:Projectiles]]

Latest revision as of 15:10, 14 May 2009

Description of the table columns:

Ammo 
The type of ammo. For ammo that is cut by the barrel, such as spuds, this gives a typical length of the ammo. The length of the ammo and the barrel diameter determine the actual size of the ammo. For spuds, there is more than one way to cut the shell.
Mass 
The mass of the ammo in ounces (oz.) and grams.
Diameter 
The diameter of the ammo in inches (") and centimeters (cm). For ammo that is cut by the barrel, such as spuds, this is the barrel diameter. For ammo that is not cut, such as golf balls, this is the ammo's normal diameter.
Cd 
Coeficient of drag. The Cd of a particular ammo is usually dependent on the velocity of the ammo and whether or not it is spinning or tumbling.
Terminal Velocity 
The maximum velocity the ammo will reach when dropped, in air, form a great height.
Barrel 
Suggestions as suitable barrels for the particular ammo. Primarily for ammo that has a defined size, such as a tennis ball.
Other Info 
Various other bits of information concerning the ammo.

Table Notes

  1. The Cd values for the various sport balls (tennis ball, golfball ...) were calculated based on their terminal velocities using the equation Cd=2mg/(Aρvterminal2) with g=9.8m/s and ρ=1290g/m3. The terminal velocities were from Terminal Velocity Teachers Notes and A Penny in Free Fall.
Common Spud Gun Ammo
Ammo Mass Diameter Cd Terminal
Velocity		 Barrel Other Info
Fruit + Vegetables
half Potato, (2" Long) 2.5 oz., 72g 1.59", 4.04cm - - 1.5" SCH 40
  • density ~1.1g/cm3
half Potato, (2" Long) 5.0 oz., 120g 2.05", 5.21cm - - 2" SCH 40
  • density ~1.1g/cm3
full Potato, (4" Long) 5.1 oz., 140g 1.59", 4.04cm - - 1.5" SCH 40
  • density ~1.1g/cm3
full Potato, (4" Long) 10 oz., 240g 2.05", 5.21cm - - 2" SCH 40
  • density ~1.1g/cm3
Apple, 4.2 oz., 110g 2.05", 5.21cm - - 2" SCH 40
  • density ~0.95g/cm3
Citrus Fruit, 3.5 oz., 100g 2.05", 5.21cm - - 2" SCH 40
  • density ~0.9g/cm3
Balls
Ping-Pong Ball 0.095 oz., 2.7g 0.95", 2.51cm 0.460 <br\> (note 1) 9m/s, 30fps - -
Roll-on deodorant ball 0.095 oz., 5g 1.49", 3.80cm - - 40mm 10bar PVC (UK) -
Small pool ball 1.76 oz., 50g 1.49", 3.80cm - - 40mm 10bar PVC (UK) -
Golf ball 1.59 oz., 45g 1.68", 4.27cm 0.299 <br\> (note 1) 40m/s, 132fps - -
Tennis Ball 2.08 oz., 59g 2.56", 6.5cm 0.283 <br\> (note 1) 31m/s, 102fps
  • 2.5" SCH 40
  • 2.5" SDR 21
  • 2.5" SDR 26
 -
Baseball 5.1 oz., 145g 2.9", 7.4cm 0.290
(note 1)		 42m/s, 138fps - -
Basketball 21.2 oz., 600g 9.5", 24.1cm 0.500
(note 1)		 20m/s, 66fps - -
Ball Bearings (BBs, Airsoft, Paintballs...)
0.177" Copper/Steel BB 0.0116 oz, 0.33g 0.177", 0.45cm - - - -
6mm Airsoft 0.0071 oz., 0.20g 0.23", 0.6cm - - - -
.68" Paintball 0.1 oz., 3.2g 0.68", 1.75cm - -
  • 0.5" SDR 13.5
  • 0.5" PN15 (UK)
  • 0.75" SCH 120
 -
.61" glass marble 0.17 oz., 5g .61", 1.5cm - - 18mm copper -
Batteries (Diameter and mass vary slightly by brand)
AA ~0.98oz., ~28g ~0.55", ~1.4cm - - 15mm copper Outer plastic and metal wrapping must be removed.

Diameter varies by brand, cheaper is usually narrower

AAA ~.49 oz., 14g .39", 1 cm - - 15mm copper -
C 2.4-2.6 oz., 68-74g 0.996", 2.53cm - - 28mm copper
  • 2" (5.1cm) long
D ?? oz., ??g ?", ?cm - - - -
Other Things
12g CO2 Cartridge
(empty)		 1.05 oz., 30g 0.73", 1.85cm - -
  • 0.75" SCH 40 PVC
  • 22mm Copper pipe
 -
Ice ?? oz., ??g ?", ?cm - - - -
Pycrete ?? oz., ??g ?", ?cm - - - -
Film Canister 0.5oz., 12g 1.45", 3.7cm - -
  • 1.25" SCH 40
  • 40mm 10bar
 Fits better with the right sized lid, still very good otherwise
Soda Can 13.0 oz., 369g
(water filled)		 2.6", 6.6cm - - -
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